Association of Increasing Body Mass Index with Obstructive Ventilatory Defect Among Adult Patients in Perpetual Help Medical Center
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70172/pjcd.v22i2.10271Keywords:
BMI, obstructive ventilatory defect, spirometry, pulmonary function testAbstract
Background: Various studies show an association between obesity and obstructive ventilatory defects. The changing diet of the population plays an important role in public health thus it is important to assess the association of increased body mass index with lung ventilatory defects to be able to formulate health programs that will reduce the risk of obesity.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study included adult patients subjected to pulmonary function testing at Perpetual Help Medical Center, Las Piñas. A review of records was performed to gather data on demographics, pulmonary function test, and BMI.
Results: A total of 459 patients were included. Seventy (15.3%) had normal spirometry values, 79 (17.2%) had restrictive ventilatory defect, 306 (66.7%) had obstructive ventilatory defect, and 4 (0.9%) had mixed defects. The mean age was highest among those with obstructive ventilatory defect (59.5 years). The proportion of obstructive ventilatory defect was significantly higher among males than females (76.0% vs 53.2%). Height, weight, and BMI did not vary significantly between the groups. Majority of patients were either overweight (39.6%) or normal (37.2%). The prevalence of abnormal spirometry did not vary across BMI classifications. Significant correlations with BMI were observed only with post-bronchodilator FEV1 % predicted (r = 0.09; p = 0.044), post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (r = 0.11; p = 0.015), and post-bronchodilator FEF25-75% (r = 0.09; p = 0.047). After adjustment, obesity was not associated with obstructive ventilatory defect (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.5 to 1.8) and post-bronchodilator FEV1 (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.5 to 1.7).
Conclusion: BMI is not correlated with spirometric parameters, and obesity is not associated with obstructive ventilatory defect or post-bronchodilator FEV1. Although some correlations are observed with BMI and post-bronchodilator spirometric parameters, the observed correlations are weak. Further studies are needed to determine the effect of other measures of body mass on obstructive ventilatory defect.
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